An NRE (Non-Resident External) account holds foreign earnings — principal and interest are fully repatriable and tax-free in India. An NRO (Non-Resident Ordinary) account holds India-sourced income (rent, dividends, etc.) — interest is taxable in India, and only the interest, not the principal, is freely repatriable, subject to limits.

Confirm your NRI status is updated with your bank and open the right NRE/NRO accounts for your situation. From there, the right next product depends heavily on where you're tax resident — see the US/Canada section of the NRI hub if that applies to you.

NRI investments involve RBI/SEBI regulations, tax implications across two (or more) countries, and repatriation rules that change depending on your specific situation. A distributor familiar with NRI-specific requirements can help you avoid documentation mistakes and structure your accounts correctly from the start — though for tax advice specific to your country of residence, you'll still need a qualified tax professional there.

No. Every tool in the NRI Corner runs entirely in your browser — nothing you enter is transmitted to or stored on any server.

RNOR is a transitional tax status between Non-Resident and full Resident. An RNOR pays tax in India on Indian income, but most foreign income stays untaxed in India — useful for NRIs returning to India or with borderline day counts.

Under Section 6(1A), an Indian citizen with India-sourced income (excluding foreign income) above ₹15 lakh in a financial year is deemed a Resident if they are not liable to tax in any other country by reason of domicile or residence. This exists to prevent using a 'stateless' tax position to avoid Indian tax. A deemed resident is always classified as RNOR, not an Ordinarily Resident.

No — it's an educational estimate based on the day-count and deemed-residency rules in Section 6. Genuine edge cases (partial-year status changes, disputed day counts, unusual income structures) exist and aren't fully covered by any calculator. Confirm your position with a chartered accountant, especially if your result is close to a threshold.

Two different questions, two different answers. Your FEMA residential status (which governs your bank accounts) changes the moment you return with the intent to settle — no day-count involved. Your Income Tax residential status (Resident/RNOR/Non-Resident) follows the Section 6 day-count and RNOR-qualifying tests instead.

It ends on the date your FEMA status flips to resident — not on the date your Income Tax RNOR status changes. If you keep earning interest in an NRE account after that date without redesignating it, that interest becomes taxable, even while you may still be an RNOR for Income Tax purposes.

Actual portfolio composition, not the fund's marketing category. A fund investing more than 65% of its proceeds in debt and money-market instruments is taxed as a debt/specified fund regardless of what it's called — and if that allocation shifts over time, the tax treatment can shift with it.

Not for units purchased on or after 1 April 2023. Under Section 50AA, these units are always taxed at your slab rate, with no indexation benefit and no distinction between short-term and long-term holding.

Yes — file your ITR for the year. TDS deducted under Section 195 doesn't account for your basic exemption limit, your full-year income, or losses elsewhere in your portfolio. Any excess deducted is refunded once your return is processed.

No. The 15% surcharge cap applies specifically to equity capital gains under Sections 111A and 112A. Debt/specified-fund gains taxed under Section 50AA are treated as ordinary slab-rate income for surcharge purposes, so the standard surcharge slabs (up to 37%) apply without the 15% cap.

A TRC is issued by the tax authority of your country of residence, confirming you're a tax resident there. Indian tax law requires it to claim any DTAA benefit — without one, you cannot claim treaty relief in India, regardless of your actual residency situation.

Form 10F is a self-declaration providing details a TRC might not fully cover (like your tax identification number and address). It's now mandatorily e-filed on the Indian income tax e-filing portal — a paper copy is no longer sufficient on its own.

Usually not by much, if at all. Most treaties preserve India's primary right to tax capital gains arising from Indian securities. DTAA relief typically works by letting you claim a foreign tax credit in your country of residence for tax already paid in India — reducing double taxation overall, but not necessarily reducing what you owe in India itself.

Funds from NRE accounts, and investments made through them, are generally fully repatriable. Repatriation from NRO accounts is capped at USD 1 million per financial year (including sale proceeds of assets), and requires Form 15CA/15CB documentation through your bank.

Up to USD 1 million per financial year, combined across all your NRO accounts, subject to RBI/FEMA conditions and documentation. There's no separate annual cap on NRE account repatriation — NRE funds (principal and interest) are freely repatriable at any time.

Only above a threshold. If your aggregate remittances for the financial year are ₹5 lakh or less, Form 15CA Part A alone is enough — no CA certificate needed. Above ₹5 lakh, you'll need a CA-certified Form 15CB along with Form 15CA Part C.

For remittances made on or after 1 April 2026, they're renamed Form 145 and Form 146 under the new Income Tax Act 2025 framework — the requirement itself (bank verification, CA certification above ₹5 lakh) is unchanged, only the form numbers are new.

It depends on the funding route. Full repatriation is allowed for sale proceeds of up to two residential properties originally purchased using NRE or FCNR funds. Outside that, repatriation of property sale proceeds is capped at USD 1 million per financial year like other NRO repatriation.

A client-side tool can't reliably track your past transaction history, so asking for an exact figure would give false precision on a hard regulatory limit. It asks for an approximate band instead, and always tells you to confirm your exact remaining headroom with your bank before a large transfer.

Yes, through the Portfolio Investment Scheme (PIS) route via a designated NRE/NRO bank account. PIS is a requirement for direct equity trading specifically — it is not required to invest in mutual funds.

No. This is the single most common misconception in this area. PIS applies only to direct equity trading on a repatriable basis. Mutual fund investments never require a PIS account, regardless of the NRE/NRO route you invest through.

It's the single bank branch through which all your PIS-route equity transactions are routed and reported to the RBI, so your holdings can be checked against individual and aggregate investment-limit caps. An NRI can have only one Designated Bank Branch for PIS at a time.

Reported as raising the individual investor limit from 5% to 10% of a company's paid-up capital, and the aggregate limit across all NRI/PIS investors combined from 10% to 24%. Confirm the current figures with your PIS bank before a transaction approaching either threshold.

SEBI mandates a minimum investment of ₹50 lakh for Portfolio Management Services, in force since November 2019. Individual PMS providers may set their own minimum above this regulatory floor.

In a PMS, the underlying securities are held directly in your own demat account — you own the actual shares and bonds, not units of a pooled vehicle. In a mutual fund, you own units in a pooled scheme. This ownership difference has real implications for reporting and how each is treated under foreign tax rules.

No — acceptance varies by provider and changes over time. We don't publish a list; the current position for your situation is something we go through on a call.

PMS gains are taxed at the investor level on each underlying security transaction, not at a pooled-fund level. This has a different reporting profile than a mutual fund — confirm the specifics, including any foreign-reporting implications, with a qualified chartered accountant.

No. Provider-level acceptance for US/Canada residents changes over time and isn't published on this site. The tool tells you which categories are structurally open to you; which specific providers currently accept US/Canada residents is discussed on a call.

Yes — both resident and non-resident Indians can open NPS accounts, subject to standard KYC and account-opening requirements.

It's illustrative, not a guarantee. Actual returns depend on market performance and can vary significantly from any band shown. Use it to get a directional sense of outcomes, not a precise forecast.

A projection's whole value is honest illustration, not false precision — typing in an oddly specific rate would suggest a confidence the underlying assumption doesn't have. The bands reflect realistic ranges for a diversified equity/debt portfolio.

No — it's a static illustrative rate, clearly labelled as such, re-verified periodically. For a transaction-specific conversion, always check the live rate at the time of transfer.